2.1 Basic Structures : sequential circuits, design procedure, state table and state
diagram, von Neumann / Harvard architecture, RISC/CISC architecture
2.2 Addressing Methods and Programs, representation of data, arithmetic
operations, basic operational concepts, bus structures, instruction, cycle and
excitation cycle.
2.3 Processing Unit: instruction formats, arithmetic and logical instruction.
2.4 addressing modes
2.5 Input Output Organization : I/O programming , memory mapped I/O, basic
interrupt system, DMA
2.6 Arithmetic
2.7 Memory Systems
2.8 808X and Intel microprocessors: programming and interfacing